Tetanus Disease

Tetanus Disease

Tetanus Disease, Tetanus is a bacterial disease. Tetanus is a nervous system disease that produces a lethal toxin called tetanospasmin, which affects the brain and spinal cord. Tetanus is also called lockjaw.

Bacteria name: Clostridium tetani when the bacteria enter the body they produce a toxin that causes pain and muscle contractions.

Causes of Tetanus Disease:

Clostridium tetani ( it is a gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria). It often causes Person’s neck and jaw muscles to lock and don’t open the mouth or swallow.

Transmission of Clostridium Tetani:

• Spores are Present in soil which contaminate wounds.
• Contaminated instruments in operation Theatre.

Symptoms of Tetanus disease:

• Seizures
• Headache
• Fever
• Tachycardia
• Painful muscle spasms by stiff, immovable
• Muscles in your jaw
• Rigidity in your neck
• Rigid abdominal muscle
• Airway obstruction due to muscular spasm
• Difficulty in Swallowing

Diagnosis of Tetanus Disease:

• It is based on a Physical examination of the Patient.
• Based on signs and Symptoms.

Treatment of Tetanus Disease:

• Penicillins or metronidazole.
• Tetanus Immuno Globulin.
• Muscles relaxant medicines.
• Respiratory Support (like oxygen).

Prevention:

• The vaccine is available called Tetanus Toxoid.
• Good upbound Care.
• Use of Sterilized instruments for any operation.