Sterilization and Disinfection

Sterilization and Disinfection

Sterilization and Disinfection, Sterilization refers to making something free from all microorganisms like viruses, bacteria, parasites, spores, fungi, bacteria, etc.

Dis-Infection:

In this process also the items are sterilized but the spores etc. remain and the items are not completely sterilized. The chemicals used in disinfection are called disinfect.

Differences between sterilization and disinfection:

In sterilization, the items are completely sterilized, whereas in disinfection, bacterial spores etc. are left behind, the items are not completely sterilized.

Names of methods of sterilization:

1. Boiling
2. Autoclave
3. From the rays
4. Filtration
5. From chemicals
6. from the heat
7. Hot air oven

If an object is burned or passed through fire, the germs are killed by the Due to the burning and freezing of protein. Only such objects can be heated over a flame. Don’t be spoiled by the heat itself. For example, holiday tips, knives, needles, glass slides

Hot air oven:

A device used for sterilization is kept at a temperature of 160°C for hours to kill germs. The following items can be registered in Hot Air. For example, glass Jars, Tubes Flasks, Petri dishes, Dry items in sealed containers. Soaps and other items in which moisture cannot be absorbed, such as oil, fat, grease, etc.

Boiling, Humid heat:

Boiling water in it at 100°C for (20) minutes kills all germs, except for spores, They become.

Autoclave:

Steam is held at 15 pounds of pressure and 121°C for fifteen minutes, killing all germs including spores. It is a pressure cooker-like machine in which steam is used under pressure to sterilize the germs. Due to high pressure, the heat of the steam increases. It sterilizes surgical instruments and needles etc. Apart from this, the culture medium is also sterilized. There is a fear of autoclave bursting due to excess pressure. To prevent this, a safety valve is installed on the Autoclave, which starts working automatically when needed. A pressure indicator is also installed on the Autoclave.

Intermittent sterilization:

The method used to sterilize sugar media is completely sterilized when the medium is steamed at 100°C for 20 to 40 minutes for three days. They go but they don’t end. These spores turn into germs within 24 hours and are killed by steaming again, the process is repeated on the third day.